Machine for generating gear-teeth.



No. 678,385. Patent ed July l6, mm. r. E. FEBRIS.

MACHINE, FOR GENERATING GEAR TEETH.

( Application filed 'xu. 21,1900.

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Patented July l6. I90l.

F. 5. FERBIS. MACHINE FOR GENERATING GEAR TEETH.

(Application filed Mar. 21, 1900.) L

6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

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No; 678,385. Patented July l6, |9o|. F. E. reams. MACHINE FOR GENERATINGGEAR TEETH.

(Application filed m. 21, 1900. (No IlodeM 6 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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No. 678,385. Patented luly l6, I90l.

F. E. FERRIS. v MAGHINE'FOR GENERATING GEAR TEETH.

(Application filed Mar. 21, 1900.] k

6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

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Pate'n ted July l6, 190i.

F. E. FERRIS. MACHINE FOR GENERATING GEAR TEETH.

(Application filed Mar. 21, 1900.) (No Model.) 6 sheets sheet 5.

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Patented July l6, l90l.

F. ,E. FERRIS.

- MACHINE FOB GENERATINGv GEAR TEETH.

(Application flied 1m. 21, 1900 v. (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR.

H 7&m66 8. )"fu; .ittorney 'UNrrE STATES (PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK E. FERRI S, OFDETROI'I, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO THE LELAND 8tFAULCONER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

MACHINE FOR GENERATING GEAR-TEETH.

SPEClFIGATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 678,385, dated July 16,1901. Application filed March 21, 1906. Serial No. 9,537. (No model.)

To all whom it may co zecerrt: Be it known that I, FRANK E. FERRIS, a

I citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, county ofWayne,State of Michigan, have invented a certain new. and usefulImprovement inMachines for Generating Gear- Teeth; and I declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains, tomake and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,which form a part of this specification.

My invention has for its object a novel machine for generatinggear-teeth; and it consists ofthe structure; combination, andarrangement of devices hereinafter described and claimed, andillustratedin the drawings submitted herewith andforming a part of thisspecification, in which- Figure 1 is a'view in side ele'vation. Fig; 2is aview in end elevation. Fig. 3 is a plan view, the gear beingomitted. Fig. 4 is a view in plan of the indexing mechanism, the coverthereof being removed. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of thesame; Fig. 6 isa detail view of. the rack-bar. Fig. -7'is a view in section a on theline 7 7, Fig. 4. Fig. 8 is a front ele- 10' is a plan view of one ofthe rams.

vation of one of the rams and related parts. Fig. 9 is a side elevationof the same. Fig. Fig. 11 is a detail view in elevation showing the op:eration of the cutters upon the teeth of the gear. Fig. 12 is a view insection on the line 12 12, Fig. 13, through the gear-spindle case. Fig.13 is aview in section on the line 13 13, Fig. 12. j

My present invention is designed 'inore particularly for cutting theteeth of gears in soft steel and before the hardening of the gears, myinvention having for its purpose a machine for the accomplishment ofthis work in a speedy, economical, and superior manner.

I carry out my inventionasjollows: Any suitable support or case isindicated at a. A driving-shaft is indicated'at 1), provided with adriving-pulley 0.; The driving-shaft is pro vided with a pinion(indicated at d) meshing with a gear 5, whichin turn meshes with anadditional gear f, upon the shaft of which is a gear (indicated indotted lines in Fig. 1 at g) meshing with a gear it upon a shaft '5, thegear 72 meshing with gears j and 7c, the shafts Z of. which are eachprovided with eccentriccams, (indicated in dotted lines m,) saideccentric-cams each effecting the reciprocation of a ram 01,." The ramsare made reciprocatory in suitable rain-guides or ram-supporting cases pp, and each carries at its lower end a cutter-head q, adjustable on thecorresponding ram. Ineach of the cutter-heads is a shaft r, carrying atits inner end a rotary milling-cutter s and at its outer end adriving-gear 25. Each of the rams also carries an additional shaft it,provided with a drivingpulleyo, the shaft being geared with the gear t,as indicated at w. The pulleys o are driven by a belt w, ashereinafterdescribed.

The ram guides or cases p p are sleeved upon the shaft '5 and arearranged to be separated or moved apart the one ram-guide from the otherin order to bring the cutters into desired relation to the gear-teeth tobe generated. Each ram-guide is provided with an arm y, supporting anantifriction-roller 2.

Each of therarn-guides is also provided with an arm (indicated by thenumerals 1 1) connected by a spring 2, the spring holding the tworam-guides normally together. The case a is constructed with guideways3to guide the rnovementsof the oscillatory ram-guides. An adjustablestopA: is provided to. limit the inward movements of said guides. Thisstop may consist of the screw .4, engaged in a threaded ear upon thecorresponding arm 1. When the ram-guides are spread apart, the stops arecarried with the arms 1, but when said guides are restored to'normalposition the stopsor screws 4; strike against adjacent portions of thecase a to limit the approach of the rain-guides the one toward theother. The rains 41, carrying the cutter-heads q, are madeverticallyadjustable in the ram-guides 19 p, as by means of. anadjusting-screw 5.

The rams may be held in any position of adjustment by means of acorresponding locknut 6. The screw 5 and lock-nut 6 upon a ing fulcrumedupon the shaft 8, having its bearings in the case a. The quadrant isprovided with a T-slot 9, in which is a bracket 10, said bracket beingprovided with flanges 11, through which bolts 12 are passed, engaging intheslot 9. The bracket may thus be adjusted and held in rigid positionwherever it maybe desired in said quadrant. Engaged in said bracket islocated a longitudinallymovable sleeve 13. Within the sleeve 13 is arotary spindle 14, which carries the gear 15 to be generated. The sleeve13 carries an index mechanism at its outer end, which will be more fullyhereinafter described.

The quadrant 7 may be actuated in any suitable manner. As shown, thedrivingshaft 1) is provided with a worm (indicated at 16 and shown indotted linesin Fig. 1) meshing with a gear 17 upon the shaft 18, saidshaft provided with a cam 19. I prefer that the cam should be providedwith a series of steps on its periphery; but I do not limit myselfsolely thereto. The quadrant is provided with an arm 20, provided with afriction-roller 21, the construction and arrangement being such that assaid roller rotates upon the periphery of the cam the quadrant is movedcorrespondingly to carry the gear to be generated against the cutters.The quadrant also supports an arm 22, carrying a former 23 atits upperend, arranged to be projected between the rollers z .2, upon the arms 13 to spread or separate the ram-guides p p. The quadrant 7 is madeoscillatory in the quadrant-guide 24, attached to the bed or support a.

To rotate the spindle 14 and to give it a step-by-step movement, thesleeve 13 is provided with an integral hub 25, upon which is mounted anarm 26, provided with a segmentgear 27, meshing with a rack-bar 28. Thearm 26 and gear 27 are preferably made integral and rotate upon the hubextending from the end of said sleeve 13. Upon the quadrant-guide 24 isa bracket 29, made adjustable'in a T-shaped slot 30 in thequadrant-guide and held in a given position by means of bolts 31.Carried by the bracket 29 is a roll 32, bearing against the rear end ofthe rack-bar 28, the outer end of the rack-bar being constructed with aninclined face, as indicated at 33, to contact with the roll 32. As thequadrant returns to normal position, said roll 32, striking the inclinedface of the rack-bar, will throw the segmental gear 27 and its armcorrespondingly to bring another tooth of the gear to be generated intoposition.

The spindle 14 is provided with a flanged hub 34, upon which is engagedan indexplate 35, as by bolts 36. These index-plates are madeinterchangeable, so as to correspond with the number of teeth to begenerated in a given gear.

The sleeve 13 is provided with an arm 37, prefe'rablymade integraltherewith and nonrotatable, carrying a plunger 38, arranged to engage inthe notches 39 of the index-plate.

The plunger is actuated by a cam 40, carried by the arm 26, and by aretracting-spring 41. The plunger is provided with a roll 42, bearingagainst the edgeof the cam 40.

It will be seen by reference to Fig. 4 that when the quadrant movesdownward the cam 40, carried by the arm 26, will move upward,withdrawing the plunger 38 from the indexplate. Upon the oppositemovement the spring 41 will restore the plunger to position to engagethe index-plate. The numeral 43 indicates a pawl to engage theindex-plate. A spring 44 normally holds the pawl in engagement with theplate, the pawl being carried by the arm 26, and in the downwardmovement of said arm the pawl will obviously ride out of engagement withthe index-plate.

To bring the work into position for the cutters, the sleeve 13 isprovided with rackteeth, (indicated at 45, Fig. 13,) with which engagesa gear 46 upon a spindle 47, operated by a hand-wheel 48. To prevent thesleeve 13 rotating in the bracket 10, said bracket is provided with anarm 49, through which a pin or stud 50 is passed to engage the arm 37,which is formed integral with the sleeve 13, as above described. To lookthe sleeve 13 in any given position to which it may be adjusted relativeto the bracket 10, said bracket is provided with ears 51, through whichis passed a clamping-bolt 52. A hand-wheel 53 may be employed to clam pthe gear to be generated upon its spindle. The index mechanism andrelated parts may be inclosed in a suitable case, (indicated at 54.)

The pulleys 1) may be driven by a single belt z in any suitable manner,said belt being shown engaging over various idlers and running to acounter-shaft. The spindles of the cutters s are adjusted in thecorresponding cutter-head in any suitable manner.

It is obvious that when a gear has been generated the sleeve 13,carrying the spindle 14, may be moved longitudinally to carry the gearaway from the cutters. lVhen a new gear has been put upon the spindleready to be generated, the sleeve 13 is moved back into position, amicrometer stop-screw (indicated at 55) being carried by the bracket 10,against which the sleeve 13 strikes to limit its inward movement. Themicrometer-screw 55 is locked by a screw 56.

The operation of the device is as follows: A gear to be generated havingbeen located properly upon its spindle and brought into position,thecutters are then putinto rotation. At the same time the maindriving-shaft I), through the train of gears described, reciprocates therams carrying the cutter-heads, causing the cutters to travel along thelength of the face of the teeth to be generated. Sim ultaneously withthis operation the quadrant is moved by the mechanism hereinbeforedescribed, advancing the gear between the cutters. The former 23 at thesame time is moved forward between the rolls 2 z to separate the upperends of the ram-guides, there- IIO by giving the proper taper to thetooth being generated. This operation also gives the proper contour orcurvature to the tooth being generated. The extreme throw of the cam 17is then under the roll 21 and the tooth has been formed to its fulldepth. The cam 17 continuing to move allows the quadrant 7 to return byits own gravity to the position shown in Fig. 1, and the distance thatthe quadrant returns is more than sufficient to retract the gear fromthe cutters. While the gear is removed beyond the cutters, the gear isindexed, bringing the next tooth into operative position, and on thefirst forward step of the cam the indexing mechanism is locked and thecutters begin to operate upon the tooth when the point 66 of the cam isunder the roll 21. These operations are continued until the gear hasbeen completed. The cutterheads are set at an angle, so as to giveproper clearance to the inner faces of the cutters, the cutters beingconstructed to cut at their adjacent peripheral corners or edges. Theaxis of the shaft upon which the ram-guides swing and the axis of thegear-spindle lie in the same plane. As shown, they are in the samevertical plane and their axes intersect, said plane being parallel tothe face of the quadrant. So, also, the axis of the qnadrant shaft andthe axis of the ram-guides are in the same plane and intersect the planethat is parallel to the face of the quadrant. also, the axis of thegear-spindle intersects the axis of the quadrant-shaft and the axis ofthe shaft upon which the ram-guides oscillate intersect the axis of thequadrant-shaft. The quadrant is graduated, as shown more particularly inFig. 3 at 57, while the bracket 10 is provided with a Vernier 58, so-asto give the readings in degrees and minutes in order to get the properangle. of the gear. While the cam 19 carries the quadrant upward, thereverse movement is caused by its own gravity.

It will be understood that the teeth must be centered correctly relativeto the cutters,

which may be done in any desired manner.

It will be seen that when the two ram-guides are closed normallytogether the plane between them will centrally intersect the shaftuponwhich they are mounted, also the gearspindle, and also the centralline of the tooth of the gear that is being generated. Said planebetween the closed ram-guides also centrally intersect the former.Inasmuch as both sides of the teeth are shaped simultaneously, it isobvious that the machine is of superior capacity as well as of superiorutility,-

inasmuch as there is not only a saving of time in generating the teeth,but also in the operaing the gear to be generated is'indicated byatriple arrow-head.

The numerals 57 and 58 indicate belt-shifting hand-levers, the twoshafts 59 and 60, actuated thereby, extending upward to thecounter-shaft (not shown) to operate the beltshifter mechanism, whichmay be of any de sired construction. WVhen there has been a completerevolution,the beltrshifting mechan-. ism is released by a rack-bar 61and pawl 62, which trips a latch 63. This pawl is actuated by the arm 64and bar 65.

In Figs. 1 and 9 a scale is shown, there being a zero-line on the ram. Ascale being on the ram-guide, readings are taken, thereby showing thedistance from the center of the cutter-spindle to the axis of thequadrant pivot-shaft.

What I claim as my invention is 1. In a machine for generatinggear-teeth, means to carry a gear to be generated, and

two rotatable cutters arranged at an angle to simultaneously, and aformer to guide the movement of the cutters to give the desired contourof the tooth.

2. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatory quadrant,means to carry'a gear to be generated carried upon said quadrant, androtatable cutters arranged to act simultaneously upon the two oppositefaces of a tooth to be generated at an angle to an intermediate planepassing through the cone center of the gear, whereby said cutters willcut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners, means to reciprocatesaid cutters in operation, and a former carried by said quadrant toguide the movement of the cutters to give the desired contour to thetooth.

3. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, rotatable cutters reciprocatory in operation arranged to actsimultaneously upon the two faces of a given tooth to be generated,means to spread the centers of said cutters apart while in operation,said cutters arranged at an angle to an intermediate plane passingthrough the cone center of the gear-whereby said cutters will cut attheir adjacent periph eral edges or corners.

4. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, and two rotatable milling-cutters arranged to actsimultaneously upon the two faces of a given tooth to be generated,means to give a reciprocatory movement to said cutters in opera-' tionupon' said faces, and means to guide the movement of the cutters to givethe desired outline-to the tooth, said cutters arranged at an angle toan intermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gearwhereby said cutters will'cut at their adjacent periph means to carry agear to be generated, two rotatable cutters acting simultaneously uponopposite faces of a tooth to be generated, means to cause the cutters toreciprocate while in operation along the faces of the tooth to begenerated, means to spread said cutters apart the one from the other,and a former to guide the movement of the cutters to give the desiredoutline to the tooth, said cutters arranged at an angle to anintermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gear, wherebysaid cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

6. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, rotatable cutters reciprocatory in operation arranged to actsimultaneously upon the opposite faces of a given tooth of the gear, aformer to guide the movement of the cutters to give the desired outlineto the tooth, and means to advance the gear between the cutters.

7. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear,cutters reciprocatory in operation arranged to act simultaneously uponthe two faces of a given tooth of the gear, a former, and means toadvance the former to separate said cutters, said cutters arranged atanangle to an intermediate plane passing through the cone center of thegear whereby said cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges orcorners.

8. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, and two rotatable cutters reciprocatory in operation arrangedto act simultaneously upon the two faces of a given tooth of the gear,said cutters arranged at an angle to an intermediate plane passingthrough the cone center of the gear whereby said cutters will cut attheir adjacent peripheral edges or corners, and a former to guide themovement of the cutters to give the desired contour to the tooth.

9. In a machine for generating gearteeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, two rotatable cutters reciprocatory in operation to shapeboth sides of a tooth simultaneously, said cutters arranged at an angleto an intermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gearwhereby said cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges orcorners, and a former to guide the movement of the cutters to give thedesired outline to the tooth, and means to index said gear.

10. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, rotatable cutters reciprocatory in operation to shape bothsides of a tooth of a gear simultaneously, said cutters arranged at anangle to an intermediate plane passing through the cone cen' ter of thegear, whereby said cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edgesor corners, a former to guide the movement of the cutters to give thedesired outline to the tooth, and means to give a step-by-step movementto said gear.

11. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, two reciprocatory rams, a cutter-head provided with arotatable cutter reciprocatory in operation carried by each of saidrams, whereby the cutters may act simultaneously upon opposite sides ofa given gear-tooth, said cutters arranged at an angle to an intermediateplane passing through the cone center of the gear wherebysaid cutterswill cut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners, and a former toguide the movement of the cutters to give the desired contour to thetooth.

12. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, two reciprocatory rams, rotatable cutters reciprocatory inoperation carried by said rams, means to separate said rams in theoperation of the cutters, and means to restore said rams to normalposition, said cutters arranged at an angle to an intermediate planepassing through the cone center of the gear, whereby said cutters willcut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

13. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, two reciprocatory rams, means to oscillate said rams, acutter-head provided with a rotatable cutter reciprocatory in operationcarried by each of said rams, said cutters arranged at an angle to anintermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gear wherebysaid cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners, anda former to guide the movement of the cutters to give the desiredcontour to the tooth.

14. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, two reciprocatory rams, an oscillatory ram-guide to carryeach of said rams, a rotatable cutter reciprocatory in operation carriedby each of said rams, said cutters arranged at an angle to anintermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gear, wherebysaid cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners, andmeans to guide the movement of the cutters to give the desired contourto the tooth.

15. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, driving mechanism provided with a shaft, oscillatoryram-guides mounted upon said shaft, a reciprocatory ram carried by eachof said guides, and a cutter reciprocatory in operation carried by eachof said rams, said outters arranged at an angle to an intermediate planepassing through the cone center of the gear whereby said cutters willcut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

16. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, two reciprocatory rams, a rotatable cutter-head provided witha cutter reciprocatory in operation carried by each of said rams, meansto drive said cutters, and a former to guide the movement of the cuttersto give the desired contour to the tooth.

17. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, two reciprocatory rams, a rotatable cutter-head provided witha cutter reciprocatory in operation carried by each of said rams, ashaft carried by each of said rams to drive the corresponding cutter,and a former to guide the movement of the cutters to give the desiredcontour to the tooth.

18. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, a shaft, ram-guides having an oscillatory engagement uponsaid shaft, reciprocatory rams engaged in said ram-guides, means toreciprocate said rams, rotatable cutters reciprocatory in operationcarried by said rams, and 'a former to guide the movement of the cuttersto give the desired contour to the tooth.

19. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, two rams each provided with a rotatable cutter reciprocatoryin operation, rotatable cams to reciprocate said rams, and means to movesaid rams the one from the other, said outters arranged at an angle toan intermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gearwhereby said cutters will cut at theiradjacent peripheral edges orcorners.

20. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, two oscillatory rams eachprovided with a rotatable cutterreciprocatory in operation, means to limit the oscillation of said rams,and a former to guide the movement of the cutters to give the desiredcontour to the tooth, said cutters arranged at an angle to anintermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gear wherebysaid cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

21. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, rotatable cutters reciprocatory in operation arranged to actsimultaneously upon the two faces of a given gear-tooth, means tooscillate said cutters, means to limit the oscillation of said cutters,and a former to guide the movement of the cutters to give the desiredcontour to the tooth, said cutters arranged at an angle to anintermediate plane passing through the cone-center of the gear wherebysaid cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

22. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, two reciprocatory rams each provided wit-h a cutterhead, ashaft in each of said cutter-heads provided with a rotatable cutterreciprocatory in operation, and a former to guide the movement of thecutters to give the desired contour to the tooth, said-heads eachprovided with an additional rotatable shaft to drive the correspondingcutter.

23. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, rotatable cutters arranged to act simultaneously upon theopposite faces of a given gear-tooth to be generated, means to oscillatesaid outters in operation in opposite directions, and means to advancethe gear to the work, said cutters arranged at an angle to anintermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gear wherebysaid cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

24. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, two oscillatory ram-guides,a ram provided with a cutterreciprocatory in operation carried by each of said guides, an armprovided with a roller carried by each of said guides, a former, meansto advance the former between said rollers, and means to restore saidguides to normal position, said cutters arranged at an angle to anintermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gear wherebysaid cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners. l

25. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, a case or bed provided wit-h guideways, two ramguidesoscillatory in said guideways, and a ram provided with a rotatablecutter reciprocatory in operation carried by each of said ram-guides,and a former to guide the movement of the cutters to give the desiredcontour to the tooth, said cutters arranged at an angle to anintermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gear wherebysaid cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

26. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, a case or bed provided with guideways, two ramguidesreciprocatory in said guideways, a ram provided with a rotatable cutterreciprocatory in operation carried by each of said ram guides, means tolimit the inward movement of said ram-guides, and a former to guide themovement of the cutters to give the desired contour to the tooth, saidcutters arranged at an angle to an intermediate plane passing throughthe cone center of the gear whereby said cutters will cut at theiradjacent peripheral edges or corners.

27. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, two oscillatory ram-guides, rams vertically adj ustable insaid guides, a rotatable cutter reciprocatory in operation carried byeach of said guides, and a former to guide the movement of the cuttersto give the desired contour to the tooth, said cutters arranged at anangle to an intermediate plane passing through the cone center of thegear whereby said cutters will-cut at their adjacent peripheral edges orcorners.

28. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, two oscillatory ram-guides, a reciprocatory ram provided witha cutter reciprocatory in operation carried by each of said guides, anda former, means to advance the former to separate said guides, the planebetween the ram- IIO guides in closed position centrally intersectingthe former, said cutters arranged at an angle to an intermediate planepassing through the cone center of the gear whereby said cutters willcut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

29. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatory quadrant andits shaft, means carried bysaid quadrant to carry a gear to begenerated, oscillatory ram-guides, rotatable cutters reciprocatory inoperation carried by said ram-guides arranged to act simultaneously uponthe two faces of a given gear-tooth, aformer to guide the movement ofthe cutters to give the desired contour to the tooth, and adjustabledevices to carry the gear toward and from the intersection of thequadrantshatt and the axis of the ram-guides.

30. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatoryquadrant,means carried by said quadrant to carry a gear to be generated,rotatable cutters reeiprocatory in operation to act simultaneously onopposite faces of a gear-tooth, and aformer to guide the movement of thecutters to give the desired contour to the tooth, said cutters arrangedat an angle to an intermediate plane passing through the cone center ofthe gear whereby said cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheraledges or corners.

31. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, a support provided with aguideway, a quadrant having an oscillatory movement in said guideway,means engaged with said quadrant to carry a gear to be generated, meansto actuate the quadrant, rotatable cutters reciprocatory in operation toact simultaneously on opposite faces of a gear-tooth, and a former toguide the movement of the cutters to give the desired contour to thetooth, said cutters arranged at an angle to an intermediate planepassing through the cone center of the gear whereby said cutters willcut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

32. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatory quadrant, abracket adjustably engaged with said quadrant, a sleeve in said bracket,a spindle to carry a gear to be generated located in said sleeve, meansto give a step-by-step rotary movement to the gearspindle, means to movethe gear-spindle longitudinally, rotatable cutters reciproeatory inoperation to act simultaneously on opposite faces of a gear-tooth, and aformer to guide the movement of the cutters to give the desired contourto the tooth, said cutters arranged at an angle to an intermediate planepassing through the cone center of the gear whereby said cutters willcut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

38. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatory quadrant,abracket adj ustably engaged with said quadrant, a sleeve in saidbracket, a spindle to carry a gear to be generated located in saidsleeve, means to give a rotary step-by-step movement to the gearspindle,means to move the gear-spindle longitudinally, a micrometer stop-screwcarried by said bracket to limit the inward movement of the spindle,rotatable cutters reciprocatory in operation 'to act simultaneously onopposite faces of a gear-tooth, and a former to guide the movement ofthe cutters to give the desired contour to the tooth, said cuttersarranged at an angle to an intermediate plane passing through the conecenter of the gear whereby said cutters will cut at their adjacentperipheral edges or corners.

34:. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatory quadrant,mechanism engaged with said quadrant to carry a gear to be generated,cutters reciprocatory in operation to act simultaneously upon the twofaces of a given gear-tooth, and means to separate said cutters carriedby said quadrant, said cutters arranged at an angle to an intermediateplane passing through the cone center of the gear whereby said cutterswill cut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

85. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatory quadrant,means engaged with said quadrant to carry a gear to be generated,rotatable cutters reciprocatory in operation to act simultaneously uponopposite faces of a given gear-tooth, means to carry the gear away fromthe cutters, and a former to guide the movement of the cutters to givethe desired contour to the tooth, said cutters arranged at an angle toan intermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gearwhereby said cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges orcorners.

36. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatory quadrant,means connected therewith to carry a gear to be generated, two rotatablecutters reciprocatory in operation to generate the teeth upon said gear,means to adjust the oscillation of the quadrant to adjust the depth ofthe cut of the gears, and a former to guide the movement of the cuttersto give the desired contour to the tooth, said cutters arranged at anangle to an intermediate plane passing through the cone center of thegear whereby said cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges orcorners.

37. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatory quadrant,means engaged with said quadrant to carry a gear to be generated, an armadj ustably engaged with the quadrant, means acting upon said arm toactuate the quadrant, rotatable cutters reciprocatory in operation toact simultaneously on opposite faces of a gear-tooth, and a former toguide the movement of the cutters to give the desired contour to thetooth, said cutters arranged at an angle to an intermediate planepassing through the cone center of the gear whereby said cutters willcut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

38. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, a support or bed, anoscillatory quadrant fulcrumed upon said bed, a bracket adjustable uponsaid quadrant, means connected with said bracket to carry a gear to begenerated, rotatable cutters reeiprocatory in operation to actsimultaneously on opposite faces of a gear-tooth, and a former to guidethe movement of the cutters to give the desired contour to the tooth,said support or bed provided with a guideway for said quadrant.

39. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, the combination with asupport or bed, a driving-shaft, a worm upon said shaft, an oscillatoryquad rant, mechanism driven by said Worm to drive said quadrant,rotatable cutters reciprocatory in operation to act simultaneously uponopposite faces of a gear-toot h, and a former to guide the movement ofthe cutters to give the desired contour to the tooth, saidcutters'arranged at anangle to an intermediate plane passing through thecone center of the gear whereby said cutters will cut at their adjacentperipheral edges or corners. I

40. In a machine forgenerating gear-teeth, the combination with asupport or bed, of an oscillatory quadrant, a bracket adjustable uponsaid quadrant, a longitudinally-movable sleeve in said bracket, arotatable spindle within said sleeve to carry a gear to be generated,index mechanism carried by said sleeve, rotatable cutters reciprocatoryin operation to act simultaneously on opposite faces of a gear-tooth,and a former to guide the movement of the cutters to give the de siredcontour to the tooth, said cutters arranged at an angle to anintermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gear wherebysaid cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

41, In a machine for generating gear-teeth, the combination with asupport or bed, of cutters reciprocatory in operation, a quadrant, abracket adjustable upon the quadrant, a longitudinally-movable sleeve insaid bracket, a spindle within said sleeve, means to give to saidspindle a step-by-step rotation, a hub upon said sleeve, an arm engagedupon said hub provided with a segment-gear, a rack-bar meshing withsaidsegment-gear, a guide for said quadrant, a bracket adjustable uponsaid quadrant-guide, and a roller carried by said bracket, saidrack-barhavin g an inclined face at its outer end adjacent to saidroller.

42. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, the combination with asupport or bed, of cutters reciprocatory in operation, an oscillatoryquadrant, a bracket adjustable upon said quadrant, alongitudinally-movable sleeve engaged in said bracket, a rotatablespindle in said sleeve, an arm 26 engaged upon said sleeve provided witha segmental gear, a rackbar meshing with said segmental gear, means toactuate said rack-bar, an index-plate engaged with said spindle, an arm37 connected with said sleeve and carrying a plunger to engage the index-plate, a cam carried by the arm 26 to actuate the plunger, and meansto retract said plunger.

43. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, the combination with asupport or bed, of cutters reciprocatory in operation, an oscillatoryquadrant, a bracket adjustable upon said quadrant,alongitudinally-movable sleeve engaged in said bracket, a rotatablespindle in said sleeve, an arm 26 engaged upon said sleeve provided witha segmental gear, a rackbar meshing with said segmental gear, means toactuate said rack-bar, an index-plate engaged with said spindle, an arm37 connected with said sleeve and carryinga plunger to engage theindex-plate, a cam carried by the arm 26 to actuate the plunger, meansto retract said plunger, and a pawl carried by the arm 26 to rotate theindex-plate.

44:. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, the combination with asupport or bed, of rotatable cutters reciprocatory in operation, anoscillatory quadrant, a bracket adjustable upon said quadrant, alongitudinally-movable sleeve in said bracket, a rotatable spindle insaid sleeve, said sleeve provided with rack teeth, a gear meshing withthe rackteeth, a hand-wheel to actuate said gear, and a former to guidethe movement of the cutters to give the desired contour to the tooth.

45. In a machine for generating teeth, the combination with a support orbed, of cutters reciprocatory in operation, an oscillatory quadrant anda bracket adjustable upon said quadrant, a longitudinally-movable sleevein said bracket,a rotatable spindle in said sleeve, said bracketprovided with an arm 49, an arm 37 carried by said sleeve, anindex-plate carried by the spindle, a plunger carried by the arm 37, andmeans engaging the arm 49 with the arm 37 to prevent the sleeve fromrotating in the bracket.

46. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, the combination with asupport, of rotatable cutters reciprocatory in operation, a former toguide the movement of the cutters to give the desired contour to thetooth, an oscillatory quadrant, a bracket adjustable upon said quadrant,a longitudinally-movable sleeve'in said bracket,a rotatable spindle insaid sleeve to carry agear to be generated, means to effect thelongitudinal movement of said sleeve, and means to lock the sleeve in agiven position of adjustment.

47. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, a support or bed providedwith a shaft, 0scillatory ram-guides engaged upon said shaft, anoscillatory quadrant upon said support or bed, a gear-spindle to carry agear to be generated engaged upon said quadrant, and means to actuatesaid spindle,cutters reciprocatory in operation to act simultaneously onopposite faces of a gear-tooth, the axis of the shaft upon which therain-guides swing, and the axis of the gear-spindle lying in the sameplane, said plane being parallel to the face of the quadrant, saidcutters arranged at an angle to an intermediate plane passing IIOthrough the cone center of the gear whereby I we 7 toryiu operation toact simultaneously on opposite faces of a gear-tooth, the axis of thequadrant-shaft being perpendicular to a plane parallel to the face ofthe quadrant and in the same horizontal plane as the axis of the shafton which the ram-guides oscillate, said cutters arranged at an angle toan intermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gearwhereby said cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges orcorners.

49. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, the combination with asupport or bed, of oscillatory ram-guides, a shaft upon which saidguides oscillate, an oscillatory quadrant, a shaft upon said bed uponwhich said quanrant oscillates, a spindle to carry a gear to begenerated upon said quadrant, cutters reciprocatory in operation to actsimultaneously on opposite faces of a gear-tooth, the axis of thegear-spindle intersecting the axis of the quadrant-shaft, and the axisof the shaft upon which the ram-guides oscillate intersecting the axisof the quadrant-shaft, said cutters arranged at an angle to anintermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gear wherebysaid cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

50. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, rotatable cutters arranged to act upon both faces of a giventooth to be generated, means to reciprocate said cutters in operation,means to advance the gear to the cutters in operation, and a former toguide the movement of the cutters to give the desired contour to thetooth, said cutters arranged at an angle to an intermediate planepassing through the cone center of the gear whereby said cutters willcut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

51. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, ramguides, reciprocatory rams carried by said guides, acutter-head provided with a rotatable cutter carried by each of saidrams, means to oscillate said ram-guides, and a former to guide themovement of the cutters to give the desired contour to the tooth, saidcutters arranged at an angle to an intermediate plane passing throughthe cone center of the gear whereby said cutters will cut at theiradjacent peripheral edges or corners.

52. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatory quadrant,means carried by the quadrant to carry a gear to be generated, anoscillatory ram-guide, a reciprocato ry ram in said guide, a rotatablecutter carried by said guide, and a former to actuate the ramguide toguide the, movement of the cutter to'givethe desiredrcontour to thesurface of the tooth, said cutter arranged at an angle to anintermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gear wherebysaid cutter will cut at its adjacent peripheral edge or corner. I

53. In a machine for generating gear-teeth,

means to generate a gear to be generated, an oscillatory ram-guide, areciprocatory ram in said guide, a rotatable cutter carried by saidrain, means to move said ram in one direction in the operation of thecutter, means to restore said ram to normal position and to guide themovement of the cutter to give the desired contour to the surface of thetooth, said cutter arranged at an angle to an intermediate plane passingthrough the cone center of the gear whereby said cutter will cut at itsadjacent peripheral edge or corner.

54:. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatory quadrant,means carried by said quadrant to carry a gear to be generated, anoscillatory ram guide, a reciprocatory ram carried by said quadrant, arotatable cutter carried by said ram, means to guide the movement of thecutter to give the desired contour to the surface of the tooth, saidcutter arranged at an angle to an intermediate plane passing through thecone center of the gear whereby said cutter will cut at its adjacentperipheral edge or corner.

55. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatory quadrant,means carried bysaid quadrant to carry a gear to be generated, drivingmechanism provided with a shaft, an oscillatory ram guide mounted uponsaid shaft, a reciprocatory ram carried by said guide, a rotatablecutter carried by said ram, and means to guide the movement of the outter to give the desired contour to the surface of the tooth, said cutterarranged at an angle to an intermediate plane passing through the conecenter of the gear whereby said cutter will cut at its adjacentperipheral edge or corner.

56. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatory quadrant,means carried by said quadrant to carry a gear to be generated, anoscillatory and reciprocatory ram, a cutterhead carried by said ramprovided with a rotatable cutter reciprocatory in operation, a shaftcarried by the cutter-head to drive said cutter, and a former to guidethe movement of the cutter to give the desired contour to the tooth,said cutter arranged at an angle to an intermediate plane passingthrough the cone center of the gear whereby said cutter will cut at itsadjacent peripheral edge or corner.

57. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, reciprocatory rams provided with rotatable cutters, arotatable cam to reciprocate said rams, means to oscillate said rams,and a former to guide the movement of the cutters to give the desiredcontour to the tooth, said cutters arranged at an angle to anintermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gear wherebysaid cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

58. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, oscillatory ram-guides, reciprocatory rams provided withrotatable cutters carried by said guides, an arm provided with arollercarried by each of said guides, a former to guide the movement of thecutter to give the desired contour to the surface of the tooth, means toadvance the former between said rollers, and means to restore saidguides to normal position, said cutters arranged at an angle to anintermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gear wherebysaid cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

59. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, acase or bed provided with a guideway, ramguides oscillatoryin said guideway, reciprocatory rams, a rotatable cutter-carried by eachof said ram-guides, and a former to guide the movement of the cutters togive the desired contour to the tooth, said cutters arranged at an angleto an intermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gearwhereby said cutters will cut at their adjacent peripheral edges orcorners.

60. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, means to carry a gear to begenerated, oscillatory ram-guides, reciprocatory rams adj ustable insaid guides, a rotatable cutter carried by each of said rams, and aformer to guide the movement of the cutters to give the desired contourto the tooth, said cutters arranged at an angle to an intermediate planepassing through the cone center of the gear whereby said cutters willcut at their adjacent peripheral edges or corners.

61. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatory quadrant,mechanism engaged with said quadrant to carry a gear to be generated, arotatable cutter to act upon one face of a given gear-tooth,'and meanscarried by said quadrant to oscillate said cutter in one,

direction, and to guide the movement of the cutter to give the desiredcontour to the surface of the tooth, said cutter arranged at an angle toan intermediate plane passing through the cone center of the gearwhereby said cutter will cut at its adjacent peripheral edge or corner.I

62. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatory quadrant,means engaged with said quadrant to carrya gear to be generated, arotatable cutter to act upon a given geartooth, means to carry a gearaway from the cutter, and a former to guide the movement of the cutterto give the desired contour to the tooth, said cutter arranged at anangle to an intermediate plane passing through the cone center of thegear whereby said cutter will cut at its adjacent peripheral edge orcorner.

63-. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatory quadrant,means connected with said quadrant to carry a gear to be generated, arotatable cutter reciprocatory in op eration arranged to act upon theadjacent face of a given tooth of the gear, a former to guidethemovement of the cutter to give the desired outline to the adjacentface of the tooth, and means to advance the quadrant to carry the gearto the cutter.

64;. In a machine for generating gear-teeth, an oscillatoryautomatically-retracting quadrant, means connected with said quadrant t0carry a gear to be generated, a rotatable cutter reciprocatory inoperationarranged to act upon the adjacent face of a given tooth of thegear, a former to guide the movement of the cutter to give the desiredoutline to the adjacent face of the tooth, and means to advance thequadrant to carry the gear to the cutter.

In testimony whereof I sign this specifica+ tion in the presence of twowitnesses.

FRANK E. FERRIS. \Vitnesses:

N. S. WRIGHT, Ma HICKEY.

